Davidsonia

A Journal of Botanical Garden Science.

Editor, Iain Taylor shares his views on the progress of the journal and its potential future.

The genus Arceuthobium comprises angiosperms that are aerial parasites on Pinaceae and Cupressaceae. These parasites are serious forest pests in North America, where they damage timber trees. In Canada, Arceuthobium americanum (the lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe) is principally found on Pinus contorta var. latifolia (lodgepole pine) in British Columbia (BC) and Alberta as well as on Pinus banksiana (jack pine) in Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba. Although widespread, A. americanum seems morphologically uniform in its range. However, the taxon has been divided into two distinct genetic races based on the variation observed in amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) data. This led us to predict that there would be some variation in anatomical, as opposed to external morphological form. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if the embryological anatomy of A. americanum growing on P. contorta var. latifolia in BC differed from that growing on P. banksiana in Manitoba. Samples of female flowers were collected from both BC and Manitoba throughout the growing season and prepared for routine light microscopy. Key embryological stages were observed, and the relative timing of these stages were compared between the BC and Manitoba collections. Our results were in direct contrast with our prediction, which had to be falsified: hundreds of prepared sections revealed that major embryological events, including double fertilization and zygotic division, are indistinguishable and occur at essentially the same time. This first study on emrbyology of two plants growing on the two pine speces at the extreme geographic ranges shows that the development is similar. Despite climate, host, ecology, and geography, which remain variables of undetermined relative significance, the mechanism for embryological development is likely highly conserved for A. americanum across Canada.

Southeast Asia is home to many evergreen magnolia varieties. Peter Wharton, curator of the David C. Lam Asian Garden at UBC Botanical Garden, writes about some of the evergreen magnolias growing at the garden. Peter describes the growth and cultural habits of some of these trees, which hold promise for landscapes in the Pacific Northwest of North America and other areas.

The editor comments on three papers that caught his eye this issue, with topics of climate and crop yields, restoration of forest areas attacked by the mountain pine beetle, and the 75^th Anniversary of the Canadian Society of Plant Pathologist.

An index to authors titles, illustrations and key words for Davidsonia Volume 17.

A Journal of Botanical Garden Science

Editor Iain Taylor writes on the difficulties faced by botanists and ecologist in getting their research supported and published.

Garry oak ecosystems represent unique species-rich communities in the Pacific Northwest United States and southwestern Canada. These distinct ecosystems are becoming rare as their integrity is threatened by urban and agricultural encroachments, as well as by the introduction of non-native plant taxa. We visited two Garry oak parklands, one that had been heavily impacted until recently by grazing cattle, and one that has been protected from such anthropogenic activities for several years and currently has an active restoration program. We compared the quantitative occurrence and compositional variation of six regionally common plant species between these two sites using univariate and multivariate statistical methods. Our results showed clear differences in the quantitative patterns of abundance and overall variation among species between the two sites. These results indicate that the restoration efforts at Site 2 have promoted greater coverage of native species and greater community variation, both considered to be positive indicators of biodiversity for this ecosystem.

Flowering and its Manipulation, edited by Charles Ainsworth, and Biology of the Plant Cuticle, edited by Markus Riederer and Caroline Müller are reviewed.